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                  <text>Union of South Africa: "Ethnological Publications" on South West Africa</text>
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                  <text>This collection holds full-text scans of the "Ethnological Publications" published by the Union of South Africa government regarding South West Africa (Namibia). Most were authored by O. Köhler and printed by The Government Printer, Pretoria</text>
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                <text>A Study of Omaruru District (South West Africa)</text>
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                <text>No. 43 in a series of government publications titled "Ethnological Publications." This issue discusses Omaruru district: history, ecology, education, Okombahe &amp; Otjohorongo Reserves, livestock, demographics, urban areas, ethnicity, and other statistics.</text>
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                <text>O. Köhler (with Günther Wagner)</text>
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                  <text>This collection holds full length dissertations written on and/or from Namibia. Unless the dissertations are particularly dated, or the author has passed, I have obtained permission before uploading the files. There are both M.A. and PhD Dissertations uploaded.</text>
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                <text>Damara in Namibia: Naturally Namibian and Proudly #Nu-Khoe - Geschichtsproduktion im Spannungsfeld von Tradition und Politik</text>
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                <text>Dr. Phil. Dissertation: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz in Historical/Cultural-studies - Teil I: VOM NUTZEN DER GESCHICHTSPRODUKTION – ZIELSETZUNG, THEORIE UND METHODIK DER FORSCHUNGSARBEIT Teil II: DAMARA IN GESCHICHTE UND GEGENWART NAMIBIAS Teil III: AUF DER SUCHE NACH DER „VERLORENEN GESCHICHTE“</text>
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                <text>Jutta MacConnell</text>
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                <text>https://publications.ub.uni-mainz.de/theses/volltexte/2018/100002054/pdf/100002054.pdf</text>
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        <name>Damara</name>
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        <name>Justus //Garoëb</name>
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        <name>Otjimbingwe</name>
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                  <text>This collection holds full length dissertations written on and/or from Namibia. Unless the dissertations are particularly dated, or the author has passed, I have obtained permission before uploading the files. There are both M.A. and PhD Dissertations uploaded.</text>
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                <text>Nature, cattle thieves and various other midnight robbers: Images of people, place and landscape in Damaraland, Namibia</text>
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                <text>This thesis is a study of the social-economy of pastoralism in Damaraland, a former homeland of Namibia. It focuses on communal livestock farmers and their families, their strategies for coping with drought, poverty and a legacy of political oppression. By combining ethnographic, historical and ecological research methods the author achieves a multi-faceted view of pastoral practice in relation to land tenure, environmental change, political history and rural development. As part of a wider critique relating to past ethnographic representations of Namibians, the author presents a collection of over 200 photographs made by sixteen individual 'informants' from his central fieldwork area of Okombahe. These photographs form the basis for a discussion of identity, social relations, mobility, reciprocity, poverty and politics in rural Damaraland as well as theoretical considerations pertaining to visual representation generally. This ethnographic material is contextualized by exploring the historical experience of the inhabitants of Okombahe in relation regional economic, social and political processes. In order to survive in this unpredictable arid environment, communal livestock farmers, practice an opportunistic strategy of coping with drought based on flexible property relations. This thesis researches the impact which pastoral practice and communal settlement has had on this environment. The history of vegetation change in the vicinity of communal settlements in Damaraland is explored using a combination of methodologies including matched ground and aerial photography. The author concludes that this research validates recently revised theories pertaining to dryland ecology which posit that such environments are highly resilient: vegetation change associated with communal land use in Damaraland has come about primarily as a result of long term climatic fluctuations rather than because of unsustainable exploitation by communal farmers. This is shown to have important implications for contemporary development policy.</text>
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                <text>Rick Rohde</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1951">
                <text>University of Edinburgh</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1955">
                <text>https://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/8959</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains full-text PDFs of various out of print books re: Namibian Studies. Most of these were published by small-name presses (such as the Finnish Anthropological Association), and for that reason they are hard to find.&#13;
&#13;
Some of the out of print books can be found in other collections in this repository (such as the Basler Afrika Bibliographien); this collection is merely for those without their own. Efforts were made to receive copyright permission before uploading. For any questions or concerns, contact the webmaster.</text>
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                <text>A Haven of Tribalism' - Reflections of Ethnicity and Politics in Okombahe - A 'Labour Reserve' in Western Namibia</text>
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                <text>"I spent five months in Namibia, from March to August 1989. Four of these were spent living just outside the village of Okombahe in Damaraland, the "homeland" of the Damara population group, in western central Namibia. In this village, there is strong support the ethnic-based political party, the Damara Council. Over 90% of Okombahe's residents are members of this party. This paper is an exploration of the strength of support for the Damara Council in this community. This stronghold of ethnic political support occurs in a country where by the far the most popular and powerful political forces is the nationalist "liberation" movement. Supporters of nationalism frequently explain ethnic politics in terms of "tribalism". According to them, those who support ethnic-based parties do so because they aspire to ethnic separatism rather than national integration. This was also the view I help of ethnic party supporters when I embarked upon my fieldwork. However, as I learned more about Okombahe and about what life involves for the people who live there, it became clear to me that this view was inappropriate in this situation. Support for the Damara Council in this village cannot by explained as the manifestation of a long-term collective aspiration towards the preservation of ethnic autonomy, as opposed to national assimilation. Rather, when it is considered with the total context of Okombahe social life, it becomes obvious that ethnic political support is a strategy undertaken by individuals seeking to fulfill the much more immediate needs and aspirations of daily existence, in a society whose economic, political and social forces determine that such support is a necessary condition for survival."</text>
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                <text>Sandra Brown</text>
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                <text>University of Edinburgh</text>
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                <text>1991</text>
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                <text>http://www.cas.ed.ac.uk/research/publications/archive/show_paper?result_page=25</text>
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        <name>Sandra Brown</name>
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        <name>village council</name>
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                  <text>Out of Print Books on Namibia</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains full-text PDFs of various out of print books re: Namibian Studies. Most of these were published by small-name presses (such as the Finnish Anthropological Association), and for that reason they are hard to find.&#13;
&#13;
Some of the out of print books can be found in other collections in this repository (such as the Basler Afrika Bibliographien); this collection is merely for those without their own. Efforts were made to receive copyright permission before uploading. For any questions or concerns, contact the webmaster.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Manasse Tjiseseta: Chief of Omaruru 1884-1898, Namibia</text>
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                <text>“Biographies of Namibian leaders of the nineteenth century are rare. We have indepth studies of Hendrik Witbooi, Samuel Maharero and Kahimemua for that period, but few comprehensive analyses of other leading figures. This book, a biography of the Herero chief Manasse Tjiseseta, who reigned in central-western Namibia between 1884 until his death in 1898, is thus to be welcomed. Its importance is enhanced by the fact that the editors of the series have added fourteen documents, including letters written by Tjiseseta himself, reproduced here in facsimile, and providing the reader with a personal glimpse of the chief. Joris de Vries reconstructs the life of one of the first Herero chiefs deeply embedded in a Christian context. He was a schoolteacher for the Rhenish Mission before succeeding his uncle, Tjaherani. He was also one of the first chiefs who had to act in a political environment increasingly influenced by German colonialism. He had to do so much earlier than the later paramount chief Samuel Maharero, whose biography partly resembles that of Tjiseseta. The structural confines of Christianity and colonialism, and the political and economic possibilities these entailed for a chief, became important for all central Namibian Herero polities from the late 1880s onwards. De Vries’ study provides an insight into the skilful means by which a fairly young chief (some 34 years of age at the beginning of his reign) used these contexts to carve autonomous spaces for himself and his people. The author shows convincingly how the particular economic possibilities of the Omaruru region provided an essential power base for the chief. Omaruru was an important commercial centre along several major trade routes connecting western, central and northern Namibia, and Tjiseseta set up a coherent taxation system. In addition, the area provided for regular agricultural activity which, next to the pastoral economy, provided an important source of income. In the case of the Damara community at Okombahe, relations of dependency, including the control of labourers, added to the power base of Tjiseseta and that of several other Herero petty chiefs. As de Vries shows, Tjiseseta played out these economic possibilities and social differences while maintaining political autonomy, not only vis-a-vis the encroaching German military, but also vis-a-vis the dominant Maharero polity. To characterize Tjiseseta as a ‘ tycoon’ (pp. ff.) with respect to his economic ventures and wealth might, however, be an overstatement, not least as he did not act solely by himself but in accordance with a council. This raises the question of the distribution of wealth, and relations with other enterprising Herero families, analyses of which are missing. The analysis of the transformations faced by Tjiseseta in the s (chapter ) remains superficial. While the general lines of conflict with the German administration are well outlined, resulting in the chief losing more and more control, the complexities of the dynamics within the polity are not addressed coherently. A case in point are the transformations of the chief’s relations with the Damara community in Okombahe. De Vries omits an important manoeuvre by Tjiseseta in 1894 through which he transformed the tribute payments of the Okombahe agriculturalists into a lucrative annual revenue granted by the German administration without himself and his petty chiefs losing de facto control of Damara labour, while the Damara chief in turn had to enter into agreement with the German administration for the provision of labour (de Vries only mentions the latter). The case is important as it raises questions about the changing relations between Tjiseseta, his petty chiefs and the Damara population, as well as issues relating to the manipulation of pre-colonial relations of dependence by the Herero elite during the initial phase of German administration. In-depth analyses of these issues are missing. De Vries’ study is a slightly revised version of his MA thesis submitted at the Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden in 1997. This explains the limited source basis on which the book is based. The omission of the rich correspondence of the Rhenish missionaries of Omaruru, Okombahe and Omburu limits de Vries’ understanding of the internal dynamics of the Herero polity and results in a rather sketchy picture of Tjiseseta’s (extended) family. Although the author acknowledges some of the shortcomings (in chapter  and the conclusion), one wonders for example why such important political bodies as the chief’s council and the church council are not analyzed in their own right ? Despite these limitations, the book is a welcome contribution to the biographical and regional studies of central Namibian history. This reviewer hopes that the publisher (who has failed to provide an index) has made it available to the Namibian readership at an affordable price, as it is biographies that often lend themselves much better to discussions of history in its broader contexts than any other so-called history books. -- Dag Henrichsen, Journal of African History”</text>
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                <text>Joris de Vries</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Rüdiger Köppe</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>PDF</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1182">
                <text>1999</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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                <text>English</text>
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        <name>Chief</name>
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        <name>German Colonialism</name>
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        <name>Herero</name>
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        <name>Rinderpest</name>
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        <name>Trading</name>
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