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                  <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien (BAB) is a centre of documentation and expertise on Namibia and southern Africa, located in Basel, Switzerland. The institution comprises an archive, a specialist library and a publishing house, in addition to offering scholarly, cultural and socio-political events.&#13;
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Its books and documents on Namibia are of international renown, and are known among experts as the most comprehensive documentation outside of Namibia. Among its holdings is a collection of rare books with volumes on Africa going back to the 16th century, a large collection of African posters and extensive historical archives of images, sound recordings, manuscripts and ephemera. Its collections are complemented by scholarly publication activities.</text>
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                <text>Ein unsichtbares Denkmal Für eine Anerkennung des Monumentcharakters eines Otjiherero Praise Poems (Omutando) für die Old Location in Windhoek</text>
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                <text>Ich möchte einführend einige Gedanken zur An-ikonizität (also nicht-Bildlichkeit) formulieren. In seiner Betrachtung sogenannter an-ikonischer Gesellschaften, also Gesellschaften die keine Bilder von Menschen, Tieren oder Gottheiten produzierten, weist Fritz Kramer darauf hin, dass der Umstand des Nicht-Vorhandenseins von Bildern oder Skulpturen nicht auf technisches Unvermögen hinweist (2001: 17). Im Bezug auf die Herero Gesellschaft in Namibia kann nicht von kompletter Nicht-Bildlichkeit gesprochen werden. Tatsächlich geschah die Aneignung der Photographie bereits im 19. Jhd; es wurden Portraits der gesellschaftlichen Elite hergestellt (siehe Silvester 1998 und Wallace 1998). Wir haben es auch nicht mit einer Gesellschaft zu tun, die sich einem Bilderverbot gebeugt hätte. Tatsächlich erscheint die Abwesenheit von Bildern – also beispielsweise traditioneller Skulptur oder Malerei - nur aus westlicher Sicht als Mangel. Dabei wird eine an materiellen Objekten orientierte Erinnerungskultur als Norm konstituiert, von der aus nicht an materielle Objekte gekoppeltes Erinnern als lückenhaft begriffen wird. Nichtsichtbare, immaterielle, kulturelle Produktionen, wie omitandu, also oral überlieferte Texte, die als ausserpersönliche Referenzpunkte und Plattformen des kollektiven Erinnerns operieren, werden dementsprechend oftmals übersehen, oder besser, aufgrund ihrer nicht-Sichtbarkeit, wie in diesem Falle, nicht wahrgenommen. Eine die Vergangenheit interpretierende, charakterisierende, diskursive und eben auch konservierende (erinnernde) Aneignung der Welt ist aber keineswegs notwendigerweise visuell. Anstelle des Abbildens oder Aneignens durch Bilder steht hier die kulturelle Aneignung der Welt durch Rede, performance und Dichtkunst, die bis heute nicht vollständig durch Bildmedien oder geschriebene Texte ersetzt wurde. BAB Working Paper 2006:05 Presented at the Basler Afrika Bibliographien 13 June 2006.</text>
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                <text>Anette Hoffmann</text>
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                <text>© The author © Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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                  <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien (BAB) is a centre of documentation and expertise on Namibia and southern Africa, located in Basel, Switzerland. The institution comprises an archive, a specialist library and a publishing house, in addition to offering scholarly, cultural and socio-political events.&#13;
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                <text>Contract Labour System and Farm Labourers’ Experiences in Pre-Independent Namibia: Historical Reflections, Perspectives and Lessons</text>
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                <text>"This paper centrally uses the recorded oral interviews of former contract labourers from the Kavango in northeast Namibia, supplemented with archival sources from the National Archives of Namibia (NAN) and written sources to reflect on the experiences of farm labourers under the contract labour system during the South African colonial period. The paper explores journeys to and from the farms, the living and farm work experiences and farm workers’ perception of their experiences under the contract labour system. The aim is to provide a historical basis to extract lessons to understand the current challenges presented by farm labour practices in postcolonial Namibia where the plights of farm workers remains a pertinent and persistent labour issue. The paper points that the paradigm of exploitation, suppression and entrapment under the contract labour system remain dominant in the narratives of former farm labourers. Furthermore, many farm labourers viewed their mistreatment under the contract labour system as colonial exploitation at its worst as the wages were too low. Although many of them extended their contracts in the hope to accumulate more money to improve their social and economic conditions, this remained an everlasting hope and a permanent failure."</text>
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                <text>Kletus Muhena Likuwa</text>
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                <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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                <text>© The author © Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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                <text>2014</text>
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                <text>http://baslerafrika.ch/wp-content/uploads/WP-2014-2-Likuwa.pdf</text>
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                  <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien (BAB) is a centre of documentation and expertise on Namibia and southern Africa, located in Basel, Switzerland. The institution comprises an archive, a specialist library and a publishing house, in addition to offering scholarly, cultural and socio-political events.&#13;
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                <text>Faszination Landschaft – Landschaftsphotographie in Namibia</text>
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                <text>"In der heutigen Vorlesung möchte ich Sie auf eine etwas andere Reise durch namibische Landschaft nehmen, und ich möchte Ihnen dazu ein paar Dinge ins geistige Gepäck mitgeben: 1) Die anfänglich gezeigte Bilderschau hat verdeutlicht, dass namibische Landschaftsdarstellungen und -wahrnehmungen gegenwärtig wie historisch auf unterschiedlichen Medien basieren: Photographie und Malerei (auf Film kann ich heute nicht eingehen). Hinzu kommen literarische Texte, Reiseberichte, Abenteuerromane, usw. (Sie erinnern sich an meinen Hinweis auf Blixen und van der Post). All diese verschiedenen Medien und Genres tragen zu den realen und imaginären Bildern namibischer Landschaften bei. 2) Weder Malerei, Literatur, noch Photographie sind hermetische, in sich abgeschlossene und voneinander getrennte Medien. Vielmehr haben wir es historisch wie zeitgenössisch mit Intermedialitäten zu tun, also mit der gegenseitigen Durchdringung von Malerei, Photographie und Text. Diese Verflechtung und Verdichtung ist mit Blick auf Landschaft etwas ganz entscheidendes. 3) Die eben gezeigte Bilderschau spiegelt den europäischen (oder westlichen) Blick auf namibische Landschaften. Landschaft ist aber ein Genre und Medium, das in allen Gesellschaften und Kulturen vorkommt; es ist bei weitem kein „europäisches Phänomen“. Obschon ich heute in dieser Vorlesung nicht näher darauf eingehen kann, sind im südlichen Afrika afrikanische Perspektiven, Wahrnehmungen und Darstellungen von Landschaft etwas ganz zentrales, das sich wiederum in unterschiedlichen Medien artikuliert. Dag Henrichsen hat zum Beispiel auf die Bedeutung mündlicher Tradierungen, von Preisliedern und topographischem Wissen hingewiesen, die in Zentralnamibia im 19. Jahrhundert zur Formulierung historisch geschichteter Topologien führen: Narrative also, die Landschaft strukturieren, imaginieren und bei Bedarf sowohl ideologischen wie politischen Visionen zudienen können. 4) In der rezenteren theoretischen Diskussion über Landschaft hat sich eine These des bereits erwähnten Kulturwissenschaftler W.J.T. Mitchell durchgesetzt, dass nämlich Landschaft weniger als Genre zu verstehen, sondern vielmehr als Medium zu betrachten ist, also als ein System kultureller Codes, symbolischer Formen und Zeichen, mittels derer der Mensch seiner Umwelt Bedeutung zuschreibt und mittels derer er diese Bedeutung darzustellen und zu vermitteln sucht. Landschaft, so fasst es Mitchell prägnant zusammen ist also kein Substantiv, keine Sache, sondern ein Verb, etwas das man macht." BAB Working Paper 2014:01 Presented at the Voklshochschule Basel, 13 February 2014</text>
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                <text>Lorena Rizzo</text>
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                  <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien (BAB) is a centre of documentation and expertise on Namibia and southern Africa, located in Basel, Switzerland. The institution comprises an archive, a specialist library and a publishing house, in addition to offering scholarly, cultural and socio-political events.&#13;
&#13;
Its books and documents on Namibia are of international renown, and are known among experts as the most comprehensive documentation outside of Namibia. Among its holdings is a collection of rare books with volumes on Africa going back to the 16th century, a large collection of African posters and extensive historical archives of images, sound recordings, manuscripts and ephemera. Its collections are complemented by scholarly publication activities.</text>
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                <text>© The author © Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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